Integrated Drive Generators (IDG) have been widely used in civil and military aircraft's electrical generation and distribution systems for over 25 years due to their efficiency and power density in different aircraft models. Modeling and simulation of IDG systems are essential for reducing maintenance costs and enabling real-time testing of power system behavior under different operational conditions. MATLAB/Simulink provides an effective simulation framework for analyzing the continuous electrical power generation needs in aircraft, offering ease of use and rapid performance evaluation. This study developed and validated an IDG aircraft electrical system model using the MATLAB/Simulink toolset, incorporating key components such as power supplies, power conversion, power distribution, and electrical loads. The IDG power generation system used in conventional aircraft models was simulated to analyze its operational characteristics under varying load conditions, rotor speed fluctuations, and fault scenarios. The results demonstrated that the system successfully maintained a stable output frequency of 400 Hz, with terminal voltages consistently regulated at 115V, ensuring compatibility with aircraft power distribution standards. The stator currents exhibited smooth sinusoidal waveforms with minimal harmonic distortion, confirming the synchronous generator’s stable operation. Moreover, the model effectively responded to transient failures, recovering within 0.5 seconds and dynamically adjusting rotor speed and voltage levels to maintain power continuity. The validated MATLAB/Simulink model aligns closely with theoretical predictions and real-world aircraft data, confirming its applicability for design validation, performance optimization, and predictive maintenance strategies in aircraft power systems. The findings of this study contribute to advancements in aircraft electrical system modeling, enhancing reliability, safety, and operational efficiency in aviation technology.

This study comprehensively covers the structure, operation, and field testing processes of the pitot-static system, which directly affects flight safety in aircraft. The types of dynamic, static, and back pressures that the pitot-static system perceives during flight are defined in detail, and the effects of these pressures on the indicators are explained schematically. Deviations in the airspeed, altitude, and vertical speed indicators that may be caused by failures in any of the system components are analysed for each indicator. In the literature review, current studies on pitot-static systems were summarized and it was determined that these studies mostly focused on system design, modelling, and fault simulations, but field applications were not given enough space. Based on this deficiency, traditional and modern leakage test methods are compared in detail, the test device used is introduced, and the practical leakage test on a Sikorsky S-70 type helicopter is explained step by step. The presented sample test process aims to provide an educational and guiding resource for technical personnel, engineering teams and educational institutions involved in pitot-static system maintenance.

In the aviation industry, sustainable biofuels are emerging as a crucial alternative to reduce dependence on fossil fuels and mitigate harmful greenhouse gas emissions. However, determining the physicochemical properties of biofuel blends traditionally relies on expensive and time-consuming laboratory experiments. This study proposes a highly accurate, data-driven computational approach to predict the density of biofuel blends obtained by mixing 14 different plant and animal-based oils with JP-5 jet fuel at various ratios. To ensure robust generalization and eliminate overfitting risks on the experimental dataset (71 samples), six advanced machine learning architectures—Artificial Neural Networks (ANN), Gaussian Process Regression (GPR), Regression Trees, Random Forest, LSBoost, and Support Vector Machines (SVM)—were comprehensively evaluated using a rigorous 5-fold cross-validation strategy. The results demonstrated that the Artificial Neural Network optimized with the Bayesian Regularization algorithm (ANN-BR) achieved the highest predictive performance. Specifically, the ANN-BR model yielded a Cross-Validation Coefficient of Determination (R2) of 0.9820, a Correlation Coefficient (R) of 0.9910, and a minimal Mean Squared Error (MSE) of 0.00121 on the unseen test folds. The Regression Tree and GPR models also exhibited exceptional accuracy, closely following the ANN. Ultimately, this study proves that predictive machine learning modeling can reliably supplement and accelerate conventional fuel characterization tests, offering significant time and cost advantages for the aviation sector.

The present study developed a valid and reliable scale to assess public perception towards unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). The research population consisted of individuals aged 18 and above living in Turkey, and the study was conducted with 400 participants (n = 400). The items were designed using a five-point Likert-type scale to reflect participants’ opinions in detail. The item pool, created through a literature review, was submitted to the opinions of field experts and tested through a pilot application. The construct validity of the scale was explored using exploratory factor analysis (EFA), and the applicability of factor analysis was confirmed by the KMO and Bartlett’s tests. The obtained factor structure was further examined through confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), supporting structural validity. Item factor loadings provided evidence for the scale’s structural validity, while the reliability of the instrument was confirmed using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient. The study’s findings indicate that the UAV-PPS (Public Perception Scale towards Unmanned Aerial Vehicles), consisting of 25 items and a six-factor structure, demonstrates strong evidence of validity and reliability. Accordingly, the scale offers a comprehensive and structured tool for assessing public perception towards UAVs and can serve as a valuable reference for future academic and applied research.

This study investigates civil aviation safety trends in Bangladesh, India, and Pakistan from 1990 to 2023. It focuses on the reporting of accidents, serious incidents, and incidents using 823 documented occurrences. A descriptive and comparative approach was applied, structured around the safety pyramid model. Data were sourced from open-access aviation databases, including the Aviation Safety Network and the Bureau of Aircraft Accidents Archives, and validated against reports from regional civil aviation authorities. Each record was categorized by event type, country, and fatality status, enabling consistent cross-country comparisons. Visual analysis tools in Microsoft Excel, including time-series and frequency charts, were used to identify reporting patterns. The findings show that India has made significant progress in both safety oversight and reporting accuracy, with a noticeable decline in fatal accident ratios by 2023. Pakistan displayed mixed results with some improvement with inconsistencies and limited documentation of minor incidents. Bangladesh had the most pronounced reporting limitations, with several years reflecting data only on fatal accidents. A notable rise in reported incidents across all three countries after 2015 suggests improved awareness and stronger reporting mechanisms. However, underreporting of non-fatal events remains a concern, especially in Bangladesh and Pakistan. The study emphasizes the need for transparent reporting, and incident documentation to strengthen aviation safety in Bangladesh, India, and Pakistan.

The performance of airlines, one of the most important stakeholders of the aviation industry, affects also the performance and strategies of airports, ground handling companies, and other stakeholders. In the increasingly competitive airline industry, companies need to analyze the strategies of their competitors and compare them with their strategies. In this study, based on the performance indicators extracted from the literature review, the strategy canvas of the companies selected by Skytrax as the World's top ten airlines in 2024 was created. The strategy canvas helps businesses understand the current state of their strategic challenges by providing detailed information about current market conditions and competitive factors. Python program was used to determine the status of the airlines in the performance indicators from the literature review and to create the strategy canvas. Using five operational and financial indicators, we compute normalized values and aggregate them via the Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) method under an equal-weight baseline. The results show that Turkish Airlines attains the highest composite SAW score, while Emirates exhibits a comparatively more even profile across indicators on the strategy canvas.

In today’s intensely competitive aviation sector, storytelling has emerged as a strategic marketing tool for airline brands to foster emotional connections, differentiate their identities, and enhance long-term brand equity. This article investigates how leading airline brands incorporate storytelling strategies into their recent digital advertising campaigns. Through a comparative narrative analysis of four selected video advertisements—one from Turkish Airlines and three from international carriers (Air France, Singapore Airlines, and Qatar Airways)—the study examines how narrative elements such as character, conflict, resolution, and emotion are utilized to convey brand values and engage audiences. The advertisements, released between 2022 and 2023, were chosen based on criteria including narrative richness, global visibility, and digital platform distribution. The analysis reveals diverse approaches to storytelling, reflecting each brand's positioning, cultural identity, and marketing goals. The findings contribute to a deeper understanding of narrative strategies in airline marketing and offer insights for practitioners seeking to enhance brand communication in the digital era

Health literacy plays a critical role in ensuring aviation safety by influencing pilots’ ability to make informed health-related decisions. This study aimed to examine the impact of a mandatory theoretical course, Human Performance, on the health literacy levels of pilots who are enrolled in a university's pilotage program. The academic and practical importance of this study lies in understanding how aviation training content relates to pilots’ perception and understanding of health-related knowledge. A single-group pretest–posttest design was used, with 19 licensed pilots assessed before and after completing the course. Contrary to expectations, the results revealed a significant decrease in overall health literacy scores, particularly in the dimensions of understanding and using/applying health-related information. These findings suggest that the course content may have increased pilots’ awareness of the complexity of health-related matters in aviation and revealed gaps in their prior knowledge, leading them to approach such information with greater caution.

Today, the increase in technological developments has led to both the inclusion of information in various fields within the scope of personal data and the expansion of the scope of processing of personal data accordingly. In order to protect personal data and prevent violations, a legal basis has been tried to be established in both national and international legislation. While the legislation aims to protect the right to privacy, it also aims to regulate and supervise data processing activities and to prevent violations of the law. The Personal Data Protection Board is an independent authority that serves this purpose by supervising the lawful activities of data controllers. In its decision dated 03.08.2023 and numbered 2023/1309, the Board evaluated the complaint regarding the data breach of an airline company. The incident concerned a passenger's ability to view the identity and travel documents of other persons. The fact that the data of the data subjects was accessible by third parties shows that technical and administrative measures were not taken. The decision on this case, which demonstrates the importance of the legal obligations of data controllers and that violations can lead to serious sanctions, is very important in terms of improving data protection mechanisms and protecting the rights of individuals.

This study provides a comprehensive bibliometric map of the research at the intersection of civil aviation and tourism. A corpus of 477 records from the Web of Science (1985-2025) was analyzed using performance analysis and science mapping techniques. The analysis reveals a rapidly consolidating field built upon four core thematic pillars: (1) connectivity and market structure, (2) tourism demand and performance, (3) passenger experience, and (4) sustainability and resilience. A decisive thematic shift towards sustainability and resilience is evident in recent years, driven by climate pressures and systemic shocks like the COVID-19 pandemic. The findings also confirm a core-periphery structure in author and institutional collaboration networks. The resulting map provides a crucial baseline for future research and informs policy coordination for a more resilient and sustainable aviation-tourism system.

In recent years, there has been an increase in the number of online travel agencies. Online travel agencies generally provide services through websites and applications. China-based Trip.com is an online travel agency that has been operating in many countries in recent years. As with many online travel agencies, there may be customer complaints about the services offered by Trip.com from time to time. The purpose of this study is to determine what types of complaints Trip.com has received regarding the airline tickets it has sold. To this end, comments made on sikayetvar.com between 2022, and 2025, regarding Trip.com were examined. The complaints identified were analysed using content analysis. The data obtained was grouped under themes and presented in tabular form. The research found that 109 different complaints were made about Trip.com, 3.67% of which were resolved, while 96.33% are still awaiting resolution. Within the scope of the research, 8 themes were created: complaints related to tickets, complaints related to information, complaints related to credit cards, complaints related to baggage, complaints related to ticket reservations, complaints related to flight changes, complaints related to customer service, and other complaints. It was found that the most complaints were about the non-refund of ticket cancellation fees and the rejection of cancellation requests. These research results are important in that they reveal the problems experienced by passengers who purchase airline tickets from Trip.com. The research results are expected to contribute to the efforts of Trip.com and other representatives of the industry to resolve these issues.

As leadership and management styles evolve in the age of artificial intelligence, industries are rapidly evolving and developing. Natural language models, big data, and advances in information technology that shape this modern era are enhancing areas such as operational efficiency, safety, ground services, and air services in the aviation sector, thereby strengthening decision support processes. This study was conducted to fill gaps in the literature and guide future research by presenting the quantity and quality of studies on digitalization in aviation between 2005 and 2025 using visual network maps. To this end, studies on digitalization in the aviation sector were identified in the Social Sciences Citation Index, Science Citation Index Expanded, Emerging Sources Citation Index, Conference Proceedings Citation Index – Science, Social Science & Humanities, and Book Citation Index – Science, and their quantity and quality were evaluated. Data extracted from the Web of Science database was analyzed using bibliometric methods with R. The results obtained by searching for the concepts “Aviation” and “Digitalization” were interpreted.A total of 82 studies found in the Web of Science database between 2005 and 2025 were accessed. Of these works, 51 were articles, 28 were abstracts, 2 were editorial materials, and 1 was a book chapter. The analysis revealed that the year with the highest number of studies was 2024, with 17 articles. Digitalization in aviation is a current concept, and its increasing coverage in the international literature each year is expected to make significant contributions to the digital future of the sector.

Forests, one of our most important natural resources, are under threat of decline and extinction due to factors such as increasing populations, expanding agricultural lands to meet needs, urbanization and industrialization. This study evaluates the use of unmanned aerial vehicles in detecting and preventing forest fires, which are increasing in frequency and intensity due to factors such as human activities, climate change and inadequate prevention and response. Furthermore, recommendations were developed based on the evaluation of data collected during unmanned aerial vehicles’ forest fire prevention missions. Research on forest fires and unmanned aerial vehicles have focused on topics such as mitigating the impacts of forest fires and developing forest firefighting strategies, highlighting the significant role that unmanned aerial vehicles play in these processes. One of the objectives of this study is to examine forest fires within the framework of crisis management and to contribute to the use of unmanned aerial vehicles in forest fires detection for crisis management purposes.

The purpose of this study; To examine the effect of brand loyalty on the repurchase behaviors of cabin crew working in airline companies across Turkey. In the study in which the online survey technique was used; Data were collected from a total of 403 cabin crew members using the convenience sampling method. In the study, it was determined that female cabin crew members had a higher level of brand loyalty and showed repeat purchase behaviors. It was determined that cabin crew members aged 35 and under and 36-40 years old who participated in the study had more brand loyalty than people aged 41 and over. On the other hand, it was determined that cabin crew members aged 36-45 showed more repurchase behaviors than officers aged 46 and over. The brand loyalty of cabin crew with undergraduate degrees was higher than that of graduate graduates. When we look at the re-purchasing behaviors; It was observed that undergraduate graduates showed more behaviors than both associate and graduate graduates. While there was no significant difference between the loyalty levels of the cabin crew according to their income status; It has been revealed that those with high income show more repeat purchase behavior. According to the frequency of shopping, it has been determined that the loyalty shown by the cabin crew who shop daily is higher than that of the annual shoppers. In addition, it was observed in the study that brand loyalty positively affected the repurchase behavior of cabin crew.

This study examines the unit cost structure and the existence of economies of scale at 40 airports operating in Türkiye. The study utilizes a panel data analysis approach, employing a comprehensive dataset comprising passenger numbers, aircraft traffic, and airport revenues from 2014 to 2023. Following model selection via the Hausman test, it was determined that the random effects model yielded statistically significant results. The analysis confirmed the existence of economies of scale at airports, while concluding that the impact of aircraft movements on unit costs is limited. Additionally, it was found that revenue increases at airports also increased unit costs. The findings confirmed that airport cost structures are sensitive to passenger volume. This study, which reveals airport costs and the state of economies of scale in Türkiye, provides important information for policymakers and airport management.

This study investigates the financial feasibility and operational implications of Performance-Based Logistics (PBL) contracts within the aerospace industry, addressing the critical gap between theoretical frameworks and practical financial modelling. Unlike traditional transactional "pay-per-part" models, PBL aligns service provider incentives with system availability and long-term reliability.This research provides a robust methodological framework for analyzing PBL contracts, incorporating a stochastic spare parts calculation using the Poisson Distribution and a comprehensive five-year financial projection for a complex aircraft avionics suite. By critically evaluating the strategic trade-offs between front-loaded R&D investments and the subsequent breakeven point, the study demonstrates how targeted interventions in high-impact failure nodes can optimize both provider profitability and fleet readiness. The findings reveal that the "Learning Curve" effect and the systematic reduction of failure rates are structural necessities for achieving mutual gains. This research moves beyond descriptive analysis to offer a practical, data-driven guide for calculating the financial and operational sustainability of PBL applications in high-reliability aviation systems.

As African economies pursue economic growth under increasing environmental pressure, the role of institutional frameworks in promoting environmental sustainability has become increasingly important. This study investigates the direct and indirect effects of economic and regulatory institutions on environmental sustainability in 33 African countries between 2008 and 2022. Using data from the World Governance Indicators, the World Economic Freedom Database, the Global Footprint Network, and the World Development Indicators, the analysis applies the System Generalized Method of Moments to address endogeneity and dynamic persistence. The findings indicate strong persistence in environmental sustainability outcomes. Economic institutions such as government size, legal systems and property rights, sound money, and freedom to trade have a positive and statistically significant effect on environmental sustainability, whereas foreign direct investment is associated with negative environmental outcomes. Regulatory institutions including control of corruption, government effectiveness, regulatory quality, and the rule of law further improve environmental performance. The interaction results show that the effectiveness of economic policies depends heavily on governance quality. Beyond economy wide implications, the findings are also relevant for environmentally sensitive and highly regulated sectors such as civil aviation, where weak institutional capacity can limit the implementation of sustainable aviation policies and alignment with global initiatives such as the International Civil Aviation Organization’s CORSIA framework.

The in-depth analysis of customer feedback in improving service quality forms the basis of modern marketing strategies. This study aims to examine user experiences with airline mobile applications using Text Mining methods based on the Service Dominant Logic (S-DL) framework, with reference to the SERVQUAL model dimensions. Within this scope, 22,296 user reviews of airline applications selected from the Google Play Store were analyzed in the Python environment. Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) topic modeling was used to identify dominant themes, and the DistilRoBERTa-base algorithm was used to detect emotional states. The analysis results show that users' digital experiences cluster around the topics of User Experience, App Performance, App Updates, Flight and Booking Experience, Login Problems and General Issues, Digital Service Satisfaction, and Ticketing and Reservation Process. The findings reveal that technical issues, particularly login problems and software updates, disrupt the value-creation process. The findings of the research provide actionable strategic insights for airlines to improve service quality in mobile applications, which are operational resources, and to prevent value destruction.

Aviation is a critical global industry where the prevention of harm is paramount. Aviation safety and security are both essential for sustainable operations, yet they represent conceptually distinct domains. Safety traditionally refers to the prevention of accidents and unintentional harm in flight operations, while security addresses protection against intentional acts of interference. The conceptual complexity of distinguishing safety from security has motivated investigation into how aviation professionals interpret these terms in practice. This study employed qualitative research to examine aviation professionals’ understandings of “safety” versus “security”. 82 participants provided open-ended written definitions of safety and security in an aviation context. Qualitative content analysis was used to identify recurring themes in these definitions. Coding was conducted using analyst triangulation, with multiple researchers independently coding the responses and subsequently reaching consensus on the thematic categories. The analysis mapped how participants differentiate the two concepts and where overlaps in meaning occur. Safety was described mainly as preventing accidents and incidents through proactive management of operational hazards that arise without hostile intent, including human error, technical failure, and environmental variability, with an emphasis on keeping risk at acceptable levels. Security was defined as protection against intentional threats, including unlawful interference, terrorism, sabotage, and unauthorized access. Intentionality functioned as the primary boundary between the concepts. Metaphors portrayed safety as continuous system support and security as defensive protection against intrusion. Limited overlap indicates a need for clearer terminology and scenario-based training that reinforces correct classification and response, especially in multilingual contexts.

Airports are critical transportation infrastructures whose ability to withstand, absorb, and recover from disruptive events has become increasingly important under growing operational, technological, and environmental uncertainties. This study aims to investigate the causal structure of airport resilience by identifying the key driving and dependent factors that shape system performance under disruption. To this end, a fuzzy DEMATEL approach is employed to analyse the interdependencies among fifteen resilience criteria encompassing infrastructure reliability, emergency preparedness, cybersecurity, organizational management, and recovery capability. The results reveal that backup power generation equipment and emergency response procedures for hazardous materials act as the most influential driving factors within the resilience system. In contrast, airport runway restoration operations in a timely manner runway, cybersecurity protection measures, and personnel-related operational performance are found to be predominantly affected by other criteria. The integrity of the safety management system emerges as the most prominent criterion in terms of overall system interaction, highlighting its central yet dependent role in integrating multiple resilience dimensions. Furthermore, cyber threat identification capability is identified as a balanced factor, functioning simultaneously as both a cause and an effect within the system.

The cabin crew in air transport serves as the primary service unit that often interacts with passengers, significantly influencing the opinion of service quality. Assessing cabin crew performance is a multi-faceted decision-making challenge that necessitates consideration of various elements simultaneously, including safety awareness, service efficiency, hospitality, interpersonal contact, and responsiveness to demands. The significance of these parameters may vary based on the flight distance and passenger class. This study assesses the cabin crew service performance of the top 10 airlines recognized by Skytrax (2024) for having the "best cabin crew" using a multi-criteria decision-making approach. Skytrax formulated nine defined criteria and created four unique selection matrices for long-haul and short-haul, as well as economy and business class pairings. Criterion weights were determined objectively using IDOCRIW, which integrates the Entropy and CILOS approaches, while alternatives were ranked according to the CRADIS approach. The study reveals that the foremost factor influencing service quality delivered by cabin crew members in business class on both long-haul and short-haul flights is the prompt and efficient delivery of service. In economy class, the critical characteristics vary with flight distance: timely and effective responses to passenger inquiries are essential on long-haul flights, whereas consistent and standardized treatment among staff is more important on short-haul flights. Qatar Airways distinguished itself in the airline rankings by achieving the highest score in three specific flight categories, sharing the top position in long-haul economy class with ANA. Garuda Indonesia attained the premier rank in short-haul economy class. Malaysia Airlines ranked bottom in all situations. The results suggest that improvements in cabin crew service are not generally applicable; they must be customized according to priorities that vary dependent on flight distance and passenger class.

The diversification and rapid spread of digital communication applications, driven by technological advancements, are also changing the ways in which airlines communicate with their stakeholders. The effective use of digital applications has become one of the factors that directly affect customer satisfaction and corporate reputation. The advancement of digital applications has fundamentally enhanced organizations with the capabilities for real-time customer engagement, expedited service recovery, and the provision of tailored offerings. This development provides airlines with significant advantages in providing effective services to passengers. Easy access and instant solutions provided through digital channels such as mobile applications are a strategic element that strengthens corporate reputation by enhancing customer satisfaction and loyalty. This study investigates the effect of airlines' digital passenger communications on customer satisfaction and perceived service quality. Furthermore, it aims to elucidate the mediating role of corporate reputation in this relationship. The study employed the survey research method from quantitative research designs. Data collection was conducted with Turkish Airlines passengers traveling on domestic flights at Istanbul Airport between March 21-23, 2025. The research findings revealed that digital communication applications have meaningful and positive effects on customer satisfaction and service quality. On the other hand, it was determined that corporate reputation played a mediating role in these effects. This situation clearly demonstrates that, for airline companies, strategic digital communication applications not only create direct effects but can also produce indirect effects through corporate reputation, thus highlighting the importance of a holistic communication strategy.